What is a major characteristic of empysema?

What is a major characteristic of empysema?

• A. Increased mucus production
• B. Thickening of the bronchial walls
• C. Loss of lung elasticity
• D. Frequent upper respiratory infections

Answer: (C)

A major characteristic of emphysema is the loss of lung elasticity. In this condition, the alveoli, which are the tiny air sacs in the lungs, become damaged and lose their ability to stretch and recoil. This loss of elasticity is significant because it impairs the lungs' ability to effectively expel air, leading to trapped air and inefficient gas exchange. Patients often experience shortness of breath and decreased oxygen levels in the body as a result.

While increased mucus production, thickening of the bronchial walls, and frequent upper respiratory infections can be associated with other respiratory conditions, such as chronic bronchitis or asthma, they are not defining features of emphysema itself. The hallmark of emphysema lies in the structural changes to the alveoli that directly impact lung function and the ability to breathe properly.